Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Major Depression:Abnormally Increased Contributions from Subgenual CingulateCortex and Thalamus

읽은 날	2020.08.19	학술지	Biol Psychiatry
제목	Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Major Depression:Abnormally Increased Contributions from Subgenual CingulateCortex and Thalamus
저자	Michael D. Greicius, MD, MPH, Benjamin H. Flores, MD, Vinod Menon, PhD, Gary H. Glover, PhD, Hugh B. Solvason, MD, Heather Kenna, MA, Allan L. Reiss, MD, and Alan F. Schatzberg, MD
한줄요약	Depressed subject는 control보다 default mode network(subgenual cingulate, thalamus, orbitofrontal cortex, precuneus)가 활성화된다.
초록	Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) studies of major depression have revealed resting-state abnormalities in the prefrontal and cingulate cortices. Recently, fMRI has been adapted to examine connectivity within a specific resting-state neural network—the default-mode network —that includes the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. The goal of this study was to examine resting-state, default-mode network functional connectivity in subjects with major depression and in healthy comparison subjects.   Methods: 28 subjects with major depression and 20 healthy control subjects underwent 5-minute fMRI scans while resting quietly. Independent component analysis was used to isolate the defaultmode network in each subject. Group maps of the default-mode network were generated and compared between the two groups. A within-group analysis was performed in the depressed groupㅠto explore effects of depression refractoriness on network functional connectivity.   Results: Restingstate subgenual cingulate and thalamic functional connectivity with the defaultmode network was significantly greater in the depressed subjects compared to the control group. Within the depressed group, the length of the current depressive episode (a surrogate for refractoriness) was positively correlated with functional connectivity in the subgenual cigulate.   Conclusions: This is the first study to explore default-mode functional connectivity in subjects with major depression. The findings provide cross-modality confirmation of PET studies demonstrating abnormally increased thalamic and subgenual cingulate activity in major depression. Further, the within-subject connectivity analysis employed here brings these previously isolated regions of hypermetabolism into the context of a disordered neural network. The correlation between refractoriness and subgenual cingulate functional connectivity within the network suggests that a quantitative, resting-state fMRI measure could be used to guide therapy on an individual subject basis.
키워드	functional connectivity, depression, subgenual cingulate, resting-state, independent component analysis
의의	rsfMRI를 사용하여 depressed subject와 control을 비교해 유의미한 차이를 찾아낸 첫 결과.
비판점	Subject가 각각 20명 남짓으로 더욱 많은 subject를 대상으로 실행할 필요가 있음.