Quantitative models reveal the organization of diverse cognitive functions in the brain

읽은 날	2020.07.13.	학술지	Nature Communication
제목	Quantitative models reveal the organization of diverse cognitive functions in the brain
저자	Tomoya Nakai1,2 & Shinji Nishimoto
한줄요약	각 cognitive tasks들이 일어나는 뇌의 basis를 찾는 실험의 연장선. 103가지의 여러 cognitive task를 숙지&이 때 뇌 구역별 활성화 fmri로 체크 -> novel task를 할 때에 뇌의 어느 구역이 활성화 될지 예측
초록	Our daily life is realized by the complex orchestrations of diverse brain functions, including perception, decision making, and action. The essential goal of cognitive neuroscience is to reveal the complete representations underlying these functions. Recent studies have characterised perceptual experiences using encoding models. However, few attempts have been made to build a quantitative model describing the cortical organization of multiple active, cognitive processes. Here, we measure brain activity using fMRI, while subjects perform 103 cognitive tasks, and examine cortical representations with two voxelwise encoding models.  A sparse task type model reveals a hierarchical organization of cognitive tasks, together with their representation in cognitive space and cortical mapping. A cognitive factor model utilizing continuous, metadata based intermediate features predicts brain activity and decodes tasks, even under novel conditions. Collectively, our results show the usability of quantitative models of cognitive processes, thus providing a framework for the comprehensive cortical organization of human cognition.
키워드	fMRI, cognitive tasks, cortical representation, cortical mapping, HCA
의의	기존의 이런 cortical mapping은 listening 같은 passive한 실험 위주였던 반면, 이 논문에서는 참여자가 좀더 주체적으로 활동하는 여러 cognitive tasks를 수행했음.
비판점	odor perception, speech, social interaction 과 같은 영역에는 아직 적용 안했음